Formation of institutional environment in the ecological sphere (by the example of BAT implementation)

Abstract
The article analyses institutional aspects of the formation of environmental policy in Russia. It shows a number of inefficient institutional conditions which can hardly contribute to the improvement of modern state environmental policy. Special attention is paid to the development and application of environmental legislation largely determining the state of the institutional environment as a whole, which affects the formation and effectiveness of various environmental protection management elements. The paper explains the main reasons why the Russian environmental legislation is weak, and proposes possible directions for its improvement. The proposed recommendations can be used to develop key elements of the environmental management mechanism. By the example of establishing legislative framework for the transition to best available technologies, the article shows possibilities and problems of such a transition in Russia. The advantages and disadvantages of the accepted categorization of the objects according to the degree of their negative impact on the environment with the issuance of integrated environmental permit as one of the main areas of activity in the transition to the best available technologies are analyzed.
Key words
environmental policy; environmental legislation; environmental protection; mechanism for the application of environmental laws; institutional environment; environmental management mechanism, integrated environmental permit, state environmental control
Funding:
The research was carried out with the plan of IEIE SB RAS, project XI.173.1.2. № АААА-А17-117022250118-6