Retraction Policy

In accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines:

Retraction is a mechanism for preventing the content that is seriously flawed which conclusions cannot be relied upon. Retractions is used to alert readers to cases of redundant publication, plagiarism, peer review manipulation, reuse of material or data without authorisation, copyright infringement or other legal issue, unethical research, and/or a failure to disclose a major competing interest that would have unduly influenced interpretations or recommendations. The main purpose of retraction is to correct the literature and ensure its integrity rather than to punish the authors.

The Editors will consider an issue as a subject of retraction if it’s content satisfies one the following:

It constitutes plagiarism or contains material or data without authorisation for use.
The paper or results presented have previously been published elsewhere without proper attribution to previous sources or disclosure to the editor, permission to republish, or justification (cases of redundant publication).
The Editors have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of major error (miscalculation), or as a result of fabrication or falsification (image manipulation).

For other possible cases of retraction or in order to gain more information on retraction issue, please consider the Retraction Guidelines by COPE: https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines